Partonomy list P4, primary language: EN, subsidiary: LA, interface: EN, work in progress

isocortex (pair)

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Top level central nervous system Short Extended
Level 2 encephalon Short Extended
Level 3 telencephalon Short Extended
Current level isocortex (pair)
Subsidiary language with Latin
Non Latin primary language
Partonomy list
FMA TA UID ISA
Short English equivalent
Short official Latin term
62429 6130 tax
isocortex (pair) ; neocortex (pair)
isocortex (par) ; neocortex (par)
68606 8830↓ tax
granular isocortex (pair)
isocortex granularis (par)
8851 tax
primary sensory areas (pair)
areae sensoriae primariae (par)
8852 tax
unimodal sensory areas (pair)
areae sensoriae unimodales (par)
8853 tax
higher order association areas; principal association areas
areae associationis ordini magni; areae majores associationis (par)
68602 8868 tax
agranular isocortex (pair)
isocortex agranularis (par)
8869 tax
primary motor area (pair)
area motoria primaria (par)
8919 tax
nonprimary motor areas (pair)
areae motoriae nonprimariae (par)
6131 tax
layers of isocortex (pair)
strata isocorticis (par)
242259 6132 tax
molecular layer (pair) ; layer I (pair)
lamina molecularis (par) ; lamina I (par)
242264 6133 tax
external granular layer (pair) ; layer II (pair)
lamina granularis externa (par) ; lamina II (par)
242283 6134 tax
external pyramidal layer (pair) ; layer III (pair)
lamina pyramidalis externa (par) ; lamina III (par)
242298 6135 tax
internal granular layer (pair) ; layer IV (pair)
lamina granularis interna (par) ; lamina IV (par)
242313 6136 tax
internal pyramidal layer (pair) ; layer V (pair)
lamina pyramidalis interna (par) ; lamina V (par)
242333 6137 tax
multiform layer (pair) ; layer VI (pair)
lamina multiformis (par) ; lamina VI (par)
83855 8928 tax
striae of myelinated fibres of isocortex (pair) ▲
striae fibrarum myelinatarum isocorticis (par)
77807 6138 tax
stria of molecular layer of isocortex (pair) ; layer 1 (pair) ; tangential layer (pair)
stria laminae molecularis iso (par) ; lamina 1 (par) ; lamina tangentialis (par)
8929 tax
superficial sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 1a (pair)
sublamina superficialis (par) ; sublamina 1a (par)
8982 tax
intermediate sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 1b (pair)
sublamina intermedia (par) ; sublamina 1b (par)
9021 tax
deep sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 1c (pair)
sublamina profunda (par) ; sublamina 1c (par)
77806 6139 tax
stria of external granular layer of isocortex (pair) ; layer 2 (pair)
stria laminae granularis externae iso (par) ; lamina 2 (par)
9022 tax
dysfibrous sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 2 (pair)
sublamina dysfibrosa (par) ; sublamina 2 (par)
77808 6140 tax
stria of internal granular layer of isocortex (pair) ; layer 3 (pair)
stria laminae granularis internae iso (par) ; lamina 3 (par)
9084 tax
superficial sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 3a (pair)
sublamina superficialis (par) ; sublamina 3a (par)
9085 tax
intermediate sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 3b (pair)
sublamina intermedia (par) ; sublamina 3b (par)
9086 tax
deep sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 3c (pair)
sublamina profunda (par) ; sublamina 3c (par)
9087 tax
stria of external pyramidal layer of isocortex (pair) ; layer 4 (pair)
stria laminae pyramidalis externae iso (par) ; lamina 4 (par)
77809 18310 tax
stria of infrastriatal layer (pair) ; layer 5 (pair)
stria laminae infrastriatae (par) ; lamina 5 (par)
9101 tax
infrastriate sublayer (pair); sublayer 5a (pair)
lamina infrastriata (par) ; sublamina 5a (par)
6142 tax
internal pyramidal sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 5b (pair)
sublamina pyramidalis interna (par) ; sublamina 5b (par)
18309 tax
stria of limiting substriatal layer (pair) ; layer 6 (pair)
stria laminae substriatae limitantis (par) ; lamina 6 (par)
9109 tax
substriate sublayer (pair); sublayer 6a (pair)
sublamina substriata (par) ; sublamina 6a (par)
9110 tax
limiting sublayer (pair) ; sublayer 6b (pair)
sublamina limitans (par) ; sublamina 6b (par)
9114 tax
vertical stria (pair)
stria verticalis (par)
9116 tax
cortical column of isocortex (pair)
columna corticalis isocorticis (par)
9119 tax
primary visual cortex (pair) ; striate area (pair)
cortex visualis primarius (par) ; area striata (par)
75667 6141 tax
occipital stripe (pair)
stria occipitalis (par)
9126 tax
ocular dominance column (pair)
columna dominantiae ocularis (par)
9127 tax
orientation column (pair)
columna orientationis (par)
9132 tax
hypercolumn (pair)
hypercolumna (par)
9135↓ tax
neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura isocorticis (par)
9139 tax
projection neurons of isocortex; pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura projectionis isocorticis (par) ; neura pyramidalia isocorticis (par)
8814 tax
large pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura pyramidalia magna isocorticis (par)
8815 tax
giant pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura pyramidalia gigantea isocorticis (par)
9143 tax
commissural neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura commissuralia isocorticis (par)
8816 tax
middle pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair) ; medium-sized pyramidal cells of isocortex (pair)
neura pyramidalia media isocorticis (par)
9155 tax
association neurons of isocortex
neura associationis isocorticis (par)
8817 tax
small pyramidal neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura pyramidalia parva isocorticis (par)
9170 tax
interneurons of isocortex (pair)
interneura isocorticis (par)
8818 tax
excitatory interneurons of isocortex (pair) ; spinous interneurons of isocortex (pair)
interneura excitatoria isocorticis (par) ; interneura spinosa isocorticis (par)
8819 tax
spinous stellate neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura stellata spinosa isocorticis (par)
8820↓ tax
inhibitory interneurons of isocortex (pair) ; smooth interneurons of isocortex (pair)
interneura inhibitoria isocorticis (par) ; interneura levia isocorticis (par)
8821 tax
axodendritic neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura axodendritica isocorticis (par)
8822 tax
bipolar neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura bipolaria isocorticis (par)
8823 tax
horizontal neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura horizontalia isocorticis (par)
8824 tax
multitufted neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura multiplumosa isocorticis (par)
8825 tax
neurogliaform neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura neurogliaformia isocorticis (par) ; neura araneiformia isocorticis (par)
8828 tax
double dendritic bouquet neurons of isocortex; bitufted neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura racemiformia biracemiformia isocorticis (par) ; neura biplumosa isocorticis (par)
8829 tax
axosomatodendritic neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura axosomatodendritica isocorticis (par)
8831 tax
large basket neurons of isocortex (pair); large basket cells of isocortex (pair)
neura corbiformia magna isocorticis (par)
8832 tax
small basket neurons of isocortex (pair); small basket cells of isocortex (pair)
neura corbiformia parva isocorticis (par)
8833 tax
axoaxonal neurons of isocortex (pair)
neura axoaxonica isocorticis (par)
8834 tax
chandelier cells of isocortex
neura candelaria isocorticis (par)
63 lines
46.0 %
52.4 %
Scientific notes
UID
Libelle of note
8820
Mainly GABAergic interneurons (see Markram H, Toledo-Rodriguez M, Wang Y, et al. 2004 Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:793-807; Ascoli GA et al. 2008 Petilla terminology: Nomenclature of features of GABAergic interneurons of the cerebral cortex. Nat Rev Neurosci 9:557-568; DeFelipe J et al. 2013 New insights into the classification and nomenclature of cortical GABAergic interneurons. Nat Rev Neurosci 14:202-216); the current subdivision is based on preferred postsynaptic region.
8830
Functional subdivision of the Isocortex as described by Mesulam M-M (1985 Patterns in behavioral neuroanatomy. In: Mesulam M-M, ed: Principles of Behavioral Neurology. Davis, Philadelphia, PN, pp 1-70). The Granular isocortex ranges from Hypergranular through Granular to Dysgranular.
9135
Here, the Isocortical neurons are added, in part following and modifying TH terms. They are subdivided into Pyramidal neurons (Projection, Commissural nand Association eurons) and Excitatory and Inhibitory interneurons. In general, Small pyramidal neurons are found in Layer II and give rise to ipsilateral Corticocortical projections. Medium-sized pyramidal neurons are found in Layer III and give rise to Commissural projections. The Large pyramidal neurons in Layer V give rise to the Corticofugal projections (Mountcastle VB 1998 The Cerebral Cortex. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA).
Signature
Type of list P4
List Unit Identifier 6130
Number of children 188 (validated)
Number of units 63 (validated)
Signature 693 (validated since 31.1.2025)
Date: 05.04.2025